1.

A team shall be allowed maximum of (12) substitutions in any one set.  Players starting a set may be replaced by a substitute and may subsequently re-enter the set twice.  Each substitute may enter the set three times.  A player shall not enter the set for a fourth time (starting shall count as an entry).  Players re-entering the set must assume the original position in the serving order in relation to other team-mates.   No change may be made in a player’s position in the service order unless necessitated by an injury requiring an abnormal substitution under the provisions of paragraph 2) below.  Any number of players may enter the set in each position in the service order.

2.

If through accident or injury a player is unable to play, and a substitution cannot be made under the provisions of paragraph 1), or if the team has used its allowable twelve (12) team substitutions, such a player may be replaced in the following priority without penalty:

(A)

By the starter or substitute who has played in the position of the injured player, if such a starter or substitute has not already been in the set the allowable three times, or by any player who has not already participated in the set.

(B)

By any player on the bench who has not been in the set three times, regardless of position previously played.

(C)

If all players have been in the set the allowable three times, by a substitute who previously played in the position of the injured player?

(D)

By any substitute, even though all substitutes have been in the set the three allowable times.

Note:    If a substitute is injured to the extent that entry is not possible under the provisions of 2) (A) Or 2) (C), the substitute will not be permitted to participate for the remainder of the set.    

3.

If through injury or accident a player is unable to play and substitution cannot be made under the provisions of paragraph 1) or 2), the first referee may grant a special time-out under the provisions of the rules of the game.

4.

If a team becomes incomplete through disqualification or expulsion of a player and substitution cannot be made under the provisions of paragraph 1) above, the team loses the set by default, keeping any points acquired.